Fountain markinq-pen



(N0 Model.)

G. A. WERNER. FUUNTAIN MARKING PEN.

Patented Mar. 8, I1898. ,9.

Witwe ooe-.1

` UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE A. \VERNER, OF IIARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FOUNTAIN MARKINQWPEN.

srncxrrcnrrrolv forming part of Letter Patent No. 600,299, dated March e, 189e.

Application and raam zo, 1897. serai No. 625.036. en model.)

To .ZZ whom it my concern.: its grooves, the ball, and the thimble are all Beit known that I, GEORGE A. WERNER, a so proportioned to each other that the ball citizen of theUnited States, residing at IIarwill move easily in its place to carry the mark- 5 5 risbur in the county of Dauphin and State ing fluid to the article to be marked, but not` 5 of Pennsylvania, have invented acertain new so easily as to allow the fluid to flow readily and useful Improvement in Fountain Markout when not marking. ing-Pens, of which the following is a speciii In that form of my improvement shown in cation, reference being had to the accompa- Fig. 2 the stem of the bearing does not enter 6o nying drawings. the perforation in the diaphragm, but is eno This invention is au improvement on the larged and rests against a ball-valve 1l, simipen .shown in the Patent N o. 538,492, issued lar to that shown in the aforesaid Askew patto A. lV. Askew April 30, 1895, and is deent, but underadilerent arrangement of the signed to allowof the making of much smaller spring 12, which presses the valve to its seat, 65 pens and at a cheaper rate than can be made said spring being held y means of a loop 13,

x 5 when they are constructed as shown in the which passes down in the center of the spring aforesaid patent. and has arms 14 set'in recesses in the upper To these ends the invention consists in part of the nipple, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. the peculiar construction and arrangement In the forms shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the 7o of parts hereinafter more particularly debearing is Vformed as a ring 15, having interzo scribed, and then definitely claimed atthe nal grooves 13 for .the fluid to pass through; end hereof. but while there is a valve in Fig. 3 similar to In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1, that shown in Fig. 2 there is no valve in Fig. 2, 3, and 4 are vertical central sections of dif- 4, but simply a small hole in the diaphragm 75 ferent forms of the lower parts of pens conthroughwhich the iiuid will pass directly to 25 structed according to my improvement. Figs. the ball. In the form shown in Fig. 4 the 5 and 6 are reversed plan and side views, rebearing, the ball, and the thimble should be, speCtiVeIy, of a bearing for the ball in that (as in Fig. 1) so proportioned, to each other form of my improvement shown in Fig. 1. that while the ball moves suiiiciently free to 8o. Figs. 7 and 8 are similar views of the bearallow of the marking fluid passing easily to 3o ing shown in Fig. 2. Figs. 9 and lO are simithe objectbeing marked it should not be so lar views of the bearingshown in Figs. 3 and 4. loose as to allow of the fluid freely running Referring now to the details of the drawout. As the fluid used is much thicker than ings by numerals, and more particularly to ordinary ink it does not iiow so readily, and 85 Figs. 1, 5, -and 6, l represents the main part hence this may be readily arranged.

35 of the casing, having its lower end threaded, It will be observed that in all these' forms into which screws a nipple 2, having a diathere is a chamber formed between 'the ball phragm 3, which is perforated at 4 4 to allow and the diaphragm in the thimble which will of the passage of the marking fluid to a discontain a quantity of the marking fluid dis- 9o tributingball of rubber or other material, tinct from that in the case which. can readily 4o which is held 1n place bya thimble 6, screwed percolate through the grooves in the bearing. onto the lower part of the nipple 2. In the By the construction above set forth many center of the diaphragm is a threaded hole 7, advantages are obtained over that form of into which is screwed the stem 8 of the bearmarking-pen in which balls are used. For ing9, against which the ball bears when the instance, if it is desired to make a small pen 45 operationof marking is being performed. If the antifriction-balls will prevent its being preferred, the stem may be held in by fricdone, as it is impracticable. to make a small tion only; but I prefer to screw it in. In the pen-that is, a pen small in diameter-with center of the bearing is a recess 9', and around such balls, whereas when there is a fixed or '.xoo its periphery and on its face are a series of annularb'earing, such as is shown in the drawgo minute grooves 10 10 to allowthe ink or markings, the pen may be made as small as dep ing uid to have access tothe ball and yet sired. The use of the small balls entails much y prevent its too rapid flow. The bearing and trouble, especially when it is desired t-o clean valve is used,

the pen, as is frequently necessary, especially when the pen is but seldom used and the parts get caked together, lost when the penis taken apart, which would render the pen useless. I When balls aroused, there are too many or too large interstices to properly regulate the ilow of ink unless a whereas with my arrangement a valve, although useful, is not 'absolutely necessary, as the grooves iu the bearing may be .of such a size as tofprevent too muchink from passing tothe ball.

Besides forming passages for the iluid the grooves serve to diminish the rubbing betweeny the bearing and the ball, and thus diminish friction.

It is obvious that where a valve is employed, as in Figs. 2 and 3, the annular bearing should be an easy fit in the nipple, so as to allow the ball to move backward to open the valve; but

l. in the other two'forms of my improvement the bearing may be so to be a fixture therein.

I am aware that it is not new, broadly, to provide an annular bearing for the ball, as that is shown in the English Patent No. 21,747

tight in the nipple as of 1891; but in the pen shown in that patent time, 4the large the bearingapproximates the shape of the ball, and thus forms a largeA surface in contact with it. There are two objections to this: first, the great friction, and, second, the liability of the ball to stick to the bearing after the pen has been used and set aside for a surface in contact making it very diicult to move the ball when it becomes fast. In my pen the surface in contact is reduced to a minimum, so that there is but little if any chance for the ball to stiel;

fast. l

1. In a fountain-pen, the 'combination with aI distributing-ball, of an annular bearn g havfor the balls are apt to be' ing contact on a narrow line around the ball, and va series of minute grooves to regulate the flow of ink to the acting part of said ball substantially as described.

2. In a fountaincn, the combination of an ink-reservoir, a va vc therefor, a spring for closing the same, and a loop Ventering the spring andv having its end connected with the casing, substantially as described.

3. A .fountain-pen having a'main ink-reservoir, a distributing-ball, an auxiliary chamber between the main chamber and the ball, a diaphragm normally separating the ink in the main chamber from that in the auxiliary chamber, and an annular bearin g having contact on a narrow lino around the ball, and a series of minute grooves to regulate the flow of ink to the acting part of said ball substantially as described.

4. The combination in a fountain-pen, of a reservoir, a valve at the bottom thereof, a distributing-ball, and an annular bearing in contact with both ball 'and valve, substantially as described.

5. The fountain-pen herein described, comprising the casing 1, the nipple 2 having diaphragm 3, the ball-valve 1.1 seated in an aperture in said diaphragm, the spring 12 press- `ing on the valve, the loop 13 entering the spring, the annular bearing having a h'ead in contact with the ball-valve, the distributingball seated in the annular thimble for holding the ball in place, stantially as described and shown.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses, this 20th day of February, 1897.

GEORGE A. WERNER.

all sub.-

Witnesses:

EUGENE SNYDER,

CARLTON 1. BRA'r'rEN.

bearing and the 

